Merge branch 'autotools'
[umurmur.git] / src / google / protobuf-c / protobuf-c.c
diff --git a/src/google/protobuf-c/protobuf-c.c b/src/google/protobuf-c/protobuf-c.c
deleted file mode 100644 (file)
index 4e4094f..0000000
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2596 +0,0 @@
-/* --- protobuf-c.c: public protobuf c runtime implementation --- */
-
-/*
- * Copyright 2008, Dave Benson.
- * 
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with
- * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License
- * at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless
- * required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
- * software distributed under the License is distributed on
- * an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
- * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
- * specific language governing permissions and limitations
- * under the License.
- */
-
-/* TODO items:
-
-     * 64-BIT OPTIMIZATION: certain implementations use 32-bit math even on 64-bit platforms
-        (uint64_size, uint64_pack, parse_uint64)
-
-     * get_packed_size and pack seem to use type-prefixed names,
-       whereas parse uses type-suffixed names.  pick one and stick with it.
-       Decision:  go with type-suffixed, since the type (or its instance)
-       is typically the object of the verb.
-       NOTE: perhaps the "parse" methods should be reanemd to "unpack"
-       at the same time. (this only affects internal (static) functions)
-
-     * use TRUE and FALSE instead of 1 and 0 as appropriate
-
-     * use size_t consistently
- */
-
-#include <stdio.h>                      /* for occasional printf()s */
-#include <stdlib.h>                     /* for abort(), malloc() etc */
-#include <string.h>                     /* for strlen(), memcpy(), memmove() */
-
-#ifndef PRINT_UNPACK_ERRORS
-#define PRINT_UNPACK_ERRORS              1
-#endif
-
-#include "protobuf-c.h"
-
-#define MAX_UINT64_ENCODED_SIZE 10
-
-/* convenience macros */
-#define TMPALLOC(allocator, size) ((allocator)->tmp_alloc ((allocator)->allocator_data, (size)))
-#define FREE(allocator, ptr)   \
-   do { if ((ptr) != NULL) ((allocator)->free ((allocator)->allocator_data, (ptr))); } while(0)
-#define UNALIGNED_ALLOC(allocator, size) ALLOC (allocator, size) /* placeholder */
-#define STRUCT_MEMBER_P(struct_p, struct_offset)   \
-    ((void *) ((uint8_t*) (struct_p) + (struct_offset)))
-#define STRUCT_MEMBER(member_type, struct_p, struct_offset)   \
-    (*(member_type*) STRUCT_MEMBER_P ((struct_p), (struct_offset)))
-#define STRUCT_MEMBER_PTR(member_type, struct_p, struct_offset)   \
-    ((member_type*) STRUCT_MEMBER_P ((struct_p), (struct_offset)))
-#define TRUE 1
-#define FALSE 0
-
-static void
-alloc_failed_warning (unsigned size, const char *filename, unsigned line)
-{
-  fprintf (stderr,
-           "WARNING: out-of-memory allocating a block of size %u (%s:%u)\n",
-           size, filename, line);
-}
-
-/* Try to allocate memory, running some special code if it fails. */
-#define DO_ALLOC(dst, allocator, size, fail_code)                           \
-{ size_t da__allocation_size = (size);                                      \
-  if (da__allocation_size == 0)                                             \
-    dst = NULL;                                                             \
-  else if ((dst=((allocator)->alloc ((allocator)->allocator_data,           \
-                                     da__allocation_size))) == NULL)        \
-    {                                                                       \
-      alloc_failed_warning (da__allocation_size, __FILE__, __LINE__);       \
-      fail_code;                                                            \
-    }                                                                       \
-}
-#define DO_UNALIGNED_ALLOC  DO_ALLOC            /* placeholder */
-
-
-
-#define ASSERT_IS_ENUM_DESCRIPTOR(desc) \
-  assert((desc)->magic == PROTOBUF_C_ENUM_DESCRIPTOR_MAGIC)
-#define ASSERT_IS_MESSAGE_DESCRIPTOR(desc) \
-  assert((desc)->magic == PROTOBUF_C_MESSAGE_DESCRIPTOR_MAGIC)
-#define ASSERT_IS_MESSAGE(message) \
-  ASSERT_IS_MESSAGE_DESCRIPTOR((message)->descriptor)
-#define ASSERT_IS_SERVICE_DESCRIPTOR(desc) \
-  assert((desc)->magic == PROTOBUF_C_SERVICE_DESCRIPTOR_MAGIC)
-
-/* --- allocator --- */
-
-static void protobuf_c_out_of_memory_default (void)
-{
-  fprintf (stderr, "Out Of Memory!!!\n");
-  abort ();
-}
-void (*protobuf_c_out_of_memory) (void) = protobuf_c_out_of_memory_default;
-
-static void *system_alloc(void *allocator_data, size_t size)
-{
-  void *rv;
-  (void) allocator_data;
-  if (size == 0)
-    return NULL;
-  rv = malloc (size);
-  if (rv == NULL)
-    protobuf_c_out_of_memory ();
-  return rv;
-}
-
-static void system_free (void *allocator_data, void *data)
-{
-  (void) allocator_data;
-  if (data)
-    free (data);
-}
-
-/* Some users may configure the default allocator;
-   providing your own allocator to unpack() is prefered.
-   this allocator is still used for packing nested messages. */
-ProtobufCAllocator protobuf_c_default_allocator =
-{
-  system_alloc,
-  system_free,
-  NULL,
-  8192,
-  NULL
-};
-
-/* Users should NOT modify this structure,
-   but it's difficult to prevent.
-
-   please modify protobuf_c_default_allocator instead. */
-ProtobufCAllocator protobuf_c_system_allocator =
-{
-  system_alloc,
-  system_free,
-  NULL,
-  8192,
-  NULL
-};
-
-/* === buffer-simple === */
-void
-protobuf_c_buffer_simple_append (ProtobufCBuffer *buffer,
-                                 size_t           len,
-                                 const uint8_t   *data)
-{
-  ProtobufCBufferSimple *simp = (ProtobufCBufferSimple *) buffer;
-  size_t new_len = simp->len + len;
-  if (new_len > simp->alloced)
-    {
-      size_t new_alloced = simp->alloced * 2;
-      uint8_t *new_data;
-      while (new_alloced < new_len)
-        new_alloced += new_alloced;
-      DO_ALLOC (new_data, &protobuf_c_default_allocator, new_alloced, return);
-      memcpy (new_data, simp->data, simp->len);
-      if (simp->must_free_data)
-        FREE (&protobuf_c_default_allocator, simp->data);
-      else
-        simp->must_free_data = 1;
-      simp->data = new_data;
-      simp->alloced = new_alloced;
-    }
-  memcpy (simp->data + simp->len, data, len);
-  simp->len = new_len;
-}
-
-/* === get_packed_size() === */
-
-/* Return the number of bytes required to store the
-   tag for the field (which includes 3 bits for
-   the wire-type, and a single bit that denotes the end-of-tag. */
-static inline size_t
-get_tag_size (unsigned number)
-{
-  if (number < (1<<4))
-    return 1;
-  else if (number < (1<<11))
-    return 2;
-  else if (number < (1<<18))
-    return 3;
-  else if (number < (1<<25))
-    return 4;
-  else
-    return 5;
-}
-
-/* Return the number of bytes required to store
-   a variable-length unsigned integer that fits in 32-bit uint
-   in base-128 encoding. */
-static inline size_t
-uint32_size (uint32_t v)
-{
-  if (v < (1<<7))
-    return 1;
-  else if (v < (1<<14))
-    return 2;
-  else if (v < (1<<21))
-    return 3;
-  else if (v < (1<<28))
-    return 4;
-  else
-    return 5;
-}
-/* Return the number of bytes required to store
-   a variable-length signed integer that fits in 32-bit int
-   in base-128 encoding. */
-static inline size_t
-int32_size (int32_t v)
-{
-  if (v < 0)
-    return 10;
-  else if (v < (1<<7))
-    return 1;
-  else if (v < (1<<14))
-    return 2;
-  else if (v < (1<<21))
-    return 3;
-  else if (v < (1<<28))
-    return 4;
-  else
-    return 5;
-}
-/* return the zigzag-encoded 32-bit unsigned int from a 32-bit signed int */
-static inline uint32_t
-zigzag32 (int32_t v)
-{
-  if (v < 0)
-    return ((uint32_t)(-v)) * 2 - 1;
-  else
-    return v * 2;
-}
-/* Return the number of bytes required to store
-   a variable-length signed integer that fits in 32-bit int,
-   converted to unsigned via the zig-zag algorithm,
-   then packed using base-128 encoding. */
-static inline size_t
-sint32_size (int32_t v)
-{
-  return uint32_size(zigzag32(v));
-}
-
-/* Return the number of bytes required to store
-   a variable-length unsigned integer that fits in 64-bit uint
-   in base-128 encoding. */
-static inline size_t
-uint64_size (uint64_t v)
-{
-  uint32_t upper_v = (v>>32);
-  if (upper_v == 0)
-    return uint32_size ((uint32_t)v);
-  else if (upper_v < (1<<3))
-    return 5;
-  else if (upper_v < (1<<10))
-    return 6;
-  else if (upper_v < (1<<17))
-    return 7;
-  else if (upper_v < (1<<24))
-    return 8;
-  else if (upper_v < (1U<<31))
-    return 9;
-  else
-    return 10;
-}
-
-/* return the zigzag-encoded 64-bit unsigned int from a 64-bit signed int */
-static inline uint64_t
-zigzag64 (int64_t v)
-{
-  if (v < 0)
-    return ((uint64_t)(-v)) * 2 - 1;
-  else
-    return v * 2;
-}
-
-/* Return the number of bytes required to store
-   a variable-length signed integer that fits in 64-bit int,
-   converted to unsigned via the zig-zag algorithm,
-   then packed using base-128 encoding. */
-static inline size_t
-sint64_size (int64_t v)
-{
-  return uint64_size(zigzag64(v));
-}
-
-/* Get serialized size of a single field in the message,
-   including the space needed by the identifying tag. */
-static size_t
-required_field_get_packed_size (const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field,
-                                const void *member)
-{
-  size_t rv = get_tag_size (field->id);
-  switch (field->type)
-    {
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT32:
-      return rv + sint32_size (*(const int32_t *) member);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT32:
-      return rv + int32_size (*(const uint32_t *) member);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT32:
-      return rv + uint32_size (*(const uint32_t *) member);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT64:
-      return rv + sint64_size (*(const int64_t *) member);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT64:
-      return rv + uint64_size (*(const uint64_t *) member);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED32:
-      return rv + 4;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED64:
-      return rv + 8;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BOOL:
-      return rv + 1;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FLOAT:
-      return rv + 4;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-      return rv + 8;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_ENUM:
-      // TODO: is this correct for negative-valued enums?
-      return rv + uint32_size (*(const uint32_t *) member);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_STRING:
-      {
-        const char *str = *(char * const *) member;
-        size_t len = str ? strlen (str) : 0;
-        return rv + uint32_size (len) + len;
-      }
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BYTES:
-      {
-        size_t len = ((const ProtobufCBinaryData*) member)->len;
-        return rv + uint32_size (len) + len;
-      }
-    //case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_GROUP:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_MESSAGE:
-      {
-        const ProtobufCMessage *msg = * (ProtobufCMessage * const *) member;
-        size_t subrv = msg ? protobuf_c_message_get_packed_size (msg) : 0;
-        return rv + uint32_size (subrv) + subrv;
-      }
-    }
-  PROTOBUF_C_ASSERT_NOT_REACHED ();
-  return 0;
-}
-
-/* Get serialized size of a single optional field in the message,
-   including the space needed by the identifying tag.
-   Returns 0 if the optional field isn't set. */
-static size_t
-optional_field_get_packed_size (const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field,
-                                const protobuf_c_boolean *has,
-                                const void *member)
-{
-  if (field->type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_MESSAGE
-   || field->type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_STRING)
-    {
-      const void *ptr = * (const void * const *) member;
-      if (ptr == NULL
-       || ptr == field->default_value)
-        return 0;
-    }
-  else
-    {
-      if (!*has)
-        return 0;
-    }
-  return required_field_get_packed_size (field, member);
-}
-
-/* Get serialized size of a repeated field in the message,
-   which may consist of any number of values (including 0).
-   Includes the space needed by the identifying tags (as needed). */
-static size_t
-repeated_field_get_packed_size (const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field,
-                                size_t count,
-                                const void *member)
-{
-  size_t header_size;
-  size_t rv = 0;
-  unsigned i;
-  void *array = * (void * const *) member;
-  if (count == 0)
-    return 0;
-  header_size = get_tag_size (field->id);
-  if (!field->packed)
-    header_size *= count;
-  switch (field->type)
-    {
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT32:
-      for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-        rv += sint32_size (((int32_t*)array)[i]);
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT32:
-      for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-        rv += int32_size (((uint32_t*)array)[i]);
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_ENUM:
-      for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-        rv += uint32_size (((uint32_t*)array)[i]);
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT64:
-      for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-        rv += sint64_size (((int64_t*)array)[i]);
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT64:
-      for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-        rv += uint64_size (((uint64_t*)array)[i]);
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FLOAT:
-      rv += 4 * count;
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-      rv += 8 * count;
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BOOL:
-      rv += count;
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_STRING:
-      for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-        {
-          size_t len = strlen (((char**) array)[i]);
-          rv += uint32_size (len) + len;
-        }
-      break;
-      
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BYTES:
-      for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-        {
-          size_t len = ((ProtobufCBinaryData*) array)[i].len;
-          rv += uint32_size (len) + len;
-        }
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_MESSAGE:
-      for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-        {
-          size_t len = protobuf_c_message_get_packed_size (((ProtobufCMessage **) array)[i]);
-          rv += uint32_size (len) + len;
-        }
-      break;
-    //case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_GROUP:          // NOT SUPPORTED
-    }
-  if (field->packed)
-    header_size += uint32_size (rv);
-  return header_size + rv;
-}
-
-/* Get the packed size of a unknown field (meaning one that
-   is passed through mostly uninterpreted... this is done
-   for forward compatibilty with the addition of new fields). */
-static inline size_t
-unknown_field_get_packed_size (const ProtobufCMessageUnknownField *field)
-{
-  return get_tag_size (field->tag) + field->len;
-}
-
-/* Get the number of bytes that the message will occupy once serialized. */
-size_t
-protobuf_c_message_get_packed_size(const ProtobufCMessage *message)
-{
-  unsigned i;
-  size_t rv = 0;
-  ASSERT_IS_MESSAGE (message);
-  for (i = 0; i < message->descriptor->n_fields; i++)
-    {
-      const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field = message->descriptor->fields + i;
-      const void *member = ((const char *) message) + field->offset;
-      const void *qmember = ((const char *) message) + field->quantifier_offset;
-
-      if (field->label == PROTOBUF_C_LABEL_REQUIRED)
-        rv += required_field_get_packed_size (field, member);
-      else if (field->label == PROTOBUF_C_LABEL_OPTIONAL)
-        rv += optional_field_get_packed_size (field, qmember, member);
-      else 
-        rv += repeated_field_get_packed_size (field, * (const size_t *) qmember, member);
-    }
-  for (i = 0; i < message->n_unknown_fields; i++)
-    rv += unknown_field_get_packed_size (&message->unknown_fields[i]);
-  return rv;
-}
-/* === pack() === */
-/* Pack an unsigned 32-bit integer in base-128 encoding, and return the number of bytes needed:
-   this will be 5 or less. */
-static inline size_t
-uint32_pack (uint32_t value, uint8_t *out)
-{
-  unsigned rv = 0;
-  if (value >= 0x80)
-    {
-      out[rv++] = value | 0x80;
-      value >>= 7;
-      if (value >= 0x80)
-        {
-          out[rv++] = value | 0x80;
-          value >>= 7;
-          if (value >= 0x80)
-            {
-              out[rv++] = value | 0x80;
-              value >>= 7;
-              if (value >= 0x80)
-                {
-                  out[rv++] = value | 0x80;
-                  value >>= 7;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-  /* assert: value<128 */
-  out[rv++] = value;
-  return rv;
-}
-
-/* Pack a 32-bit signed integer, returning the number of bytes needed.
-   Negative numbers are packed as twos-complement 64-bit integers. */
-static inline size_t
-int32_pack (int32_t value, uint8_t *out)
-{
-  if (value < 0)
-    {
-      out[0] = value | 0x80;
-      out[1] = (value>>7) | 0x80;
-      out[2] = (value>>14) | 0x80;
-      out[3] = (value>>21) | 0x80;
-      out[4] = (value>>28) | 0x80;
-      out[5] = out[6] = out[7] = out[8] = 0xff;
-      out[9] = 0x01;
-      return 10;
-    }
-  else
-    return uint32_pack (value, out);
-}
-
-/* Pack a 32-bit integer in zigwag encoding. */
-static inline size_t
-sint32_pack (int32_t value, uint8_t *out)
-{
-  return uint32_pack (zigzag32 (value), out);
-}
-
-/* Pack a 64-bit unsigned integer that fits in a 64-bit uint,
-   using base-128 encoding. */
-static size_t
-uint64_pack (uint64_t value, uint8_t *out)
-{
-  uint32_t hi = value>>32;
-  uint32_t lo = value;
-  unsigned rv;
-  if (hi == 0)
-    return uint32_pack ((uint32_t)lo, out);
-  out[0] = (lo) | 0x80;
-  out[1] = (lo>>7) | 0x80;
-  out[2] = (lo>>14) | 0x80;
-  out[3] = (lo>>21) | 0x80;
-  if (hi < 8)
-    {
-      out[4] = (hi<<4) | (lo>>28);
-      return 5;
-    }
-  else
-    {
-      out[4] = ((hi&7)<<4) | (lo>>28) | 0x80;
-      hi >>= 3;
-    }
-  rv = 5;
-  while (hi >= 128)
-    {
-      out[rv++] = hi | 0x80;
-      hi >>= 7;
-    }
-  out[rv++] = hi;
-  return rv;
-}
-
-/* Pack a 64-bit signed integer in zigzan encoding,
-   return the size of the packed output.
-   (Max returned value is 10) */
-static inline size_t
-sint64_pack (int64_t value, uint8_t *out)
-{
-  return uint64_pack (zigzag64 (value), out);
-}
-
-/* Pack a 32-bit value, little-endian.
-   Used for fixed32, sfixed32, float) */
-static inline size_t
-fixed32_pack (uint32_t value, uint8_t *out)
-{
-#if IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
-  memcpy (out, &value, 4);
-#else
-  out[0] = value;
-  out[1] = value>>8;
-  out[2] = value>>16;
-  out[3] = value>>24;
-#endif
-  return 4;
-}
-
-/* Pack a 64-bit fixed-length value.
-   (Used for fixed64, sfixed64, double) */
-/* XXX: the big-endian impl is really only good for 32-bit machines,
-   a 64-bit version would be appreciated, plus a way
-   to decide to use 64-bit math where convenient. */
-static inline size_t
-fixed64_pack (uint64_t value, uint8_t *out)
-{
-#if IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
-  memcpy (out, &value, 8);
-#else
-  fixed32_pack (value, out);
-  fixed32_pack (value>>32, out+4);
-#endif
-  return 8;
-}
-
-
-/* Pack a boolean as 0 or 1, even though the protobuf_c_boolean
-   can really assume any integer value. */
-/* XXX: perhaps on some platforms "*out = !!value" would be
-   a better impl, b/c that is idiotmatic c++ in some stl impls. */
-static inline size_t
-boolean_pack (protobuf_c_boolean value, uint8_t *out)
-{
-  *out = value ? 1 : 0;
-  return 1;
-}
-
-/* Pack a length-prefixed string.
-   The input string is NUL-terminated.
-
-   The NULL pointer is treated as an empty string.
-   This isn't really necessary, but it allows people
-   to leave required strings blank.
-   (See Issue 13 in the bug tracker for a 
-   little more explanation).
- */
-static inline size_t
-string_pack (const char * str, uint8_t *out)
-{
-  if (str == NULL)
-    {
-      out[0] = 0;
-      return 1;
-    }
-  else
-    {
-      size_t len = strlen (str);
-      size_t rv = uint32_pack (len, out);
-      memcpy (out + rv, str, len);
-      return rv + len;
-    }
-}
-
-static inline size_t
-binary_data_pack (const ProtobufCBinaryData *bd, uint8_t *out)
-{
-  size_t len = bd->len;
-  size_t rv = uint32_pack (len, out);
-  memcpy (out + rv, bd->data, len);
-  return rv + len;
-}
-
-static inline size_t
-prefixed_message_pack (const ProtobufCMessage *message, uint8_t *out)
-{
-  if (message == NULL)
-    {
-      out[0] = 0;
-      return 1;
-    }
-  else
-    {
-      size_t rv = protobuf_c_message_pack (message, out + 1);
-      uint32_t rv_packed_size = uint32_size (rv);
-      if (rv_packed_size != 1)
-        memmove (out + rv_packed_size, out + 1, rv);
-      return uint32_pack (rv, out) + rv;
-    }
-}
-
-/* wire-type will be added in required_field_pack() */
-/* XXX: just call uint64_pack on 64-bit platforms. */
-static size_t
-tag_pack (uint32_t id, uint8_t *out)
-{
-  if (id < (1<<(32-3)))
-    return uint32_pack (id<<3, out);
-  else
-    return uint64_pack (((uint64_t)id) << 3, out);
-}
-
-static size_t
-required_field_pack (const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field,
-                     const void *member,
-                     uint8_t *out)
-{
-  size_t rv = tag_pack (field->id, out);
-  switch (field->type)
-    {
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT32:
-      out[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT;
-      return rv + sint32_pack (*(const int32_t *) member, out + rv);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT32:
-      out[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT;
-      return rv + int32_pack (*(const uint32_t *) member, out + rv);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_ENUM:
-      out[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT;
-      return rv + uint32_pack (*(const uint32_t *) member, out + rv);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT64:
-      out[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT;
-      return rv + sint64_pack (*(const int64_t *) member, out + rv);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT64:
-      out[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT;
-      return rv + uint64_pack (*(const uint64_t *) member, out + rv);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FLOAT:
-      out[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_32BIT;
-      return rv + fixed32_pack (*(const uint32_t *) member, out + rv);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-      out[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_64BIT;
-      return rv + fixed64_pack (*(const uint64_t *) member, out + rv);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BOOL:
-      out[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT;
-      return rv + boolean_pack (*(const protobuf_c_boolean *) member, out + rv);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_STRING:
-      {
-        out[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_PREFIXED;
-        return rv + string_pack (*(char * const *) member, out + rv);
-      }
-      
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BYTES:
-      {
-        const ProtobufCBinaryData * bd = ((const ProtobufCBinaryData*) member);
-        out[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_PREFIXED;
-        return rv + binary_data_pack (bd, out + rv);
-      }
-    //case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_GROUP:          // NOT SUPPORTED
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_MESSAGE:
-      {
-        out[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_PREFIXED;
-        return rv + prefixed_message_pack (*(ProtobufCMessage * const *) member,
-                                           out + rv);
-      }
-    }
-  PROTOBUF_C_ASSERT_NOT_REACHED ();
-  return 0;
-}
-static size_t
-optional_field_pack (const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field,
-                     const protobuf_c_boolean *has,
-                     const void *member,
-                     uint8_t *out)
-{
-  if (field->type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_MESSAGE
-   || field->type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_STRING)
-    {
-      const void *ptr = * (const void * const *) member;
-      if (ptr == NULL
-       || ptr == field->default_value)
-        return 0;
-    }
-  else
-    {
-      if (!*has)
-        return 0;
-    }
-  return required_field_pack (field, member, out);
-}
-
-/* TODO: implement as a table lookup */
-static inline size_t
-sizeof_elt_in_repeated_array (ProtobufCType type)
-{
-  switch (type)
-    {
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FLOAT:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_ENUM:
-      return 4;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-      return 8;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BOOL:
-      return sizeof (protobuf_c_boolean);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_STRING:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_MESSAGE:
-      return sizeof (void *);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BYTES:
-      return sizeof (ProtobufCBinaryData);
-    }
-  PROTOBUF_C_ASSERT_NOT_REACHED ();
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static void
-copy_to_little_endian_32 (void *out, const void *in, unsigned N)
-{
-#if IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
-  memcpy (out, in, N * 4);
-#else
-  unsigned i;
-  const uint32_t *ini = in;
-  for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
-    fixed32_pack (ini[i], (uint32_t*)out + i);
-#endif
-}
-static void
-copy_to_little_endian_64 (void *out, const void *in, unsigned N)
-{
-#if IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
-  memcpy (out, in, N * 8);
-#else
-  unsigned i;
-  const uint64_t *ini = in;
-  for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
-    fixed64_pack (ini[i], (uint64_t*)out + i);
-#endif
-}
-
-static unsigned
-get_type_min_size (ProtobufCType type)
-{
-  if (type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED32
-   || type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED32
-   || type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FLOAT)
-    return 4;
-  if (type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED64
-   || type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED64
-   || type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_DOUBLE)
-    return 8;
-  return 1;
-}
-
-static size_t
-repeated_field_pack (const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field,
-                     size_t count,
-                     const void *member,
-                     uint8_t *out)
-{
-  char *array = * (char * const *) member;
-  unsigned i;
-  if (field->packed)
-    {
-      unsigned header_len;
-      unsigned len_start;
-      unsigned min_length;
-      unsigned payload_len;
-      unsigned length_size_min;
-      unsigned actual_length_size;
-      uint8_t *payload_at;
-      if (count == 0)
-        return 0;
-      header_len = tag_pack (field->id, out);
-      out[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_PREFIXED;
-      len_start = header_len;
-      min_length = get_type_min_size (field->type) * count;
-      length_size_min = uint32_size (min_length);
-      header_len += length_size_min;
-      payload_at = out + header_len;
-      switch (field->type)
-        {
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED32:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED32:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FLOAT:
-          copy_to_little_endian_32 (payload_at, array, count);
-          payload_at += count * 4;
-          break;
-
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED64:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED64:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-          copy_to_little_endian_64 (payload_at, array, count);
-          payload_at += count * 8;
-          break;
-
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT32:
-          {
-            const int32_t *arr = (const int32_t *) array;
-            for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-              payload_at += int32_pack (arr[i], payload_at);
-          }
-          break;
-
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT32:
-          {
-            const int32_t *arr = (const int32_t *) array;
-            for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-              payload_at += sint32_pack (arr[i], payload_at);
-          }
-          break;
-
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT64:
-          {
-            const int64_t *arr = (const int64_t *) array;
-            for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-              payload_at += sint64_pack (arr[i], payload_at);
-          }
-          break;
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_ENUM:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT32:
-          {
-            const uint32_t *arr = (const uint32_t *) array;
-            for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-              payload_at += uint32_pack (arr[i], payload_at);
-          }
-          break;
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT64:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT64:
-          {
-            const uint64_t *arr = (const uint64_t *) array;
-            for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-              payload_at += uint64_pack (arr[i], payload_at);
-          }
-          break;
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BOOL:
-          {
-            const protobuf_c_boolean *arr = (const protobuf_c_boolean *) array;
-            for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-              payload_at += boolean_pack (arr[i], payload_at);
-          }
-          break;
-          
-        default:
-          assert (0);
-        }
-      payload_len = payload_at - (out + header_len);
-      actual_length_size = uint32_size (payload_len);
-      if (length_size_min != actual_length_size)
-        {
-          assert (actual_length_size == length_size_min + 1);
-          memmove (out + header_len + 1, out + header_len, payload_len);
-          header_len++;
-        }
-      uint32_pack (payload_len, out + len_start);
-      return header_len + payload_len;
-    }
-  else
-    {
-      /* CONSIDER: optimize this case a bit (by putting the loop inside the switch) */
-      size_t rv = 0;
-      unsigned siz = sizeof_elt_in_repeated_array (field->type);
-      for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-        {
-          rv += required_field_pack (field, array, out + rv);
-          array += siz;
-        }
-      return rv;
-    }
-}
-static size_t
-unknown_field_pack (const ProtobufCMessageUnknownField *field,
-                    uint8_t *out)
-{
-  size_t rv = tag_pack (field->tag, out);
-  out[0] |= field->wire_type;
-  memcpy (out + rv, field->data, field->len);
-  return rv + field->len;
-}
-
-size_t
-protobuf_c_message_pack           (const ProtobufCMessage *message,
-                                   uint8_t                *out)
-{
-  unsigned i;
-  size_t rv = 0;
-  ASSERT_IS_MESSAGE (message);
-  for (i = 0; i < message->descriptor->n_fields; i++)
-    {
-      const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field = message->descriptor->fields + i;
-      const void *member = ((const char *) message) + field->offset;
-
-      /* it doesn't hurt to compute qmember (a pointer to the quantifier
-         field of the structure), but the pointer is only valid if
-         the field is one of:
-           - a repeated field
-           - an optional field that isn't a pointer type
-             (meaning: not a message or a string) */
-      const void *qmember = ((const char *) message) + field->quantifier_offset;
-
-      if (field->label == PROTOBUF_C_LABEL_REQUIRED)
-        rv += required_field_pack (field, member, out + rv);
-      else if (field->label == PROTOBUF_C_LABEL_OPTIONAL)
-        /* note that qmember is bogus for strings and messages,
-           but it isn't used */
-        rv += optional_field_pack (field, qmember, member, out + rv);
-      else
-        rv += repeated_field_pack (field, * (const size_t *) qmember, member, out + rv);
-    }
-  for (i = 0; i < message->n_unknown_fields; i++)
-    rv += unknown_field_pack (&message->unknown_fields[i], out + rv);
-  return rv;
-}
-
-/* === pack_to_buffer() === */
-static size_t
-required_field_pack_to_buffer (const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field,
-                               const void *member,
-                               ProtobufCBuffer *buffer)
-{
-  size_t rv;
-  uint8_t scratch[MAX_UINT64_ENCODED_SIZE * 2];
-  rv = tag_pack (field->id, scratch);
-  switch (field->type)
-    {
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT32:
-      scratch[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT;
-      rv += sint32_pack (*(const int32_t *) member, scratch + rv);
-      buffer->append (buffer, rv, scratch);
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT32:
-      scratch[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT;
-      rv += int32_pack (*(const uint32_t *) member, scratch + rv);
-      buffer->append (buffer, rv, scratch);
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_ENUM:
-      scratch[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT;
-      rv += uint32_pack (*(const uint32_t *) member, scratch + rv);
-      buffer->append (buffer, rv, scratch);
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT64:
-      scratch[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT;
-      rv += sint64_pack (*(const int64_t *) member, scratch + rv);
-      buffer->append (buffer, rv, scratch);
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT64:
-      scratch[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT;
-      rv += uint64_pack (*(const uint64_t *) member, scratch + rv);
-      buffer->append (buffer, rv, scratch);
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FLOAT:
-      scratch[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_32BIT;
-      rv += fixed32_pack (*(const uint32_t *) member, scratch + rv);
-      buffer->append (buffer, rv, scratch);
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-      scratch[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_64BIT;
-      rv += fixed64_pack (*(const uint64_t *) member, scratch + rv);
-      buffer->append (buffer, rv, scratch);
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BOOL:
-      scratch[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT;
-      rv += boolean_pack (*(const protobuf_c_boolean *) member, scratch + rv);
-      buffer->append (buffer, rv, scratch);
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_STRING:
-      {
-        const char *str = *(char * const *) member;
-        size_t sublen = str ? strlen (str) : 0;
-        scratch[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_PREFIXED;
-        rv += uint32_pack (sublen, scratch + rv);
-        buffer->append (buffer, rv, scratch);
-        buffer->append (buffer, sublen, (const uint8_t *) str);
-        rv += sublen;
-        break;
-      }
-      
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BYTES:
-      {
-        const ProtobufCBinaryData * bd = ((const ProtobufCBinaryData*) member);
-        size_t sublen = bd->len;
-        scratch[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_PREFIXED;
-        rv += uint32_pack (sublen, scratch + rv);
-        buffer->append (buffer, rv, scratch);
-        buffer->append (buffer, sublen, bd->data);
-        rv += sublen;
-        break;
-      }
-    //PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_GROUP,          // NOT SUPPORTED
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_MESSAGE:
-      {
-        uint8_t simple_buffer_scratch[256];
-        size_t sublen;
-        ProtobufCBufferSimple simple_buffer
-          = PROTOBUF_C_BUFFER_SIMPLE_INIT (simple_buffer_scratch);
-        const ProtobufCMessage *msg = *(ProtobufCMessage * const *) member;
-        scratch[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_PREFIXED;
-        if (msg == NULL)
-          sublen = 0;
-        else
-          sublen = protobuf_c_message_pack_to_buffer (msg, &simple_buffer.base);
-        rv += uint32_pack (sublen, scratch + rv);
-        buffer->append (buffer, rv, scratch);
-        buffer->append (buffer, sublen, simple_buffer.data);
-        rv += sublen;
-        PROTOBUF_C_BUFFER_SIMPLE_CLEAR (&simple_buffer);
-        break;
-      }
-    default:
-      PROTOBUF_C_ASSERT_NOT_REACHED ();
-    }
-  return rv;
-}
-static size_t
-optional_field_pack_to_buffer (const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field,
-                               const protobuf_c_boolean *has,
-                               const void *member,
-                               ProtobufCBuffer *buffer)
-{
-  if (field->type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_MESSAGE
-   || field->type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_STRING)
-    {
-      const void *ptr = * (const void * const *) member;
-      if (ptr == NULL
-       || ptr == field->default_value)
-        return 0;
-    }
-  else
-    {
-      if (!*has)
-        return 0;
-    }
-  return required_field_pack_to_buffer (field, member, buffer);
-}
-
-static size_t
-get_packed_payload_length (const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field,
-                           unsigned count,
-                           const void *array)
-{
-  unsigned rv = 0;
-  unsigned i;
-  switch (field->type)
-    {
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FLOAT:
-      return count * 4;
-
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-      return count * 8;
-
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT32:
-      {
-        const int32_t *arr = (const int32_t *) array;
-        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-          rv += int32_size (arr[i]);
-      }
-      break;
-
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT32:
-      {
-        const int32_t *arr = (const int32_t *) array;
-        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-          rv += sint32_size (arr[i]);
-      }
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_ENUM:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT32:
-      {
-        const uint32_t *arr = (const uint32_t *) array;
-        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-          rv += uint32_size (arr[i]);
-      }
-      break;
-
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT64:
-      {
-        const int64_t *arr = (const int64_t *) array;
-        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-          rv += sint64_size (arr[i]);
-      }
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT64:
-      {
-        const uint64_t *arr = (const uint64_t *) array;
-        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-          rv += uint64_size (arr[i]);
-      }
-      break;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BOOL:
-      return count;
-    default:
-      assert (0);
-    }
-  return rv;
-}
-static size_t
-pack_buffer_packed_payload (const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field,
-                            unsigned count,
-                            const void *array,
-                            ProtobufCBuffer *buffer)
-{
-  uint8_t scratch[16];
-  size_t rv = 0;
-  unsigned i;
-  switch (field->type)
-    {
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED32:
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED32:
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FLOAT:
-#if IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
-        rv = count * 4;
-        goto no_packing_needed;
-#else
-        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-          {
-            unsigned len = fixed32_pack (((uint32_t*)array)[i], scratch);
-            buffer->append (buffer, len, scratch);
-            rv += len;
-          }
-#endif
-        break;
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED64:
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED64:
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-#if IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
-        rv = count * 8;
-        goto no_packing_needed;
-#else
-        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-          {
-            unsigned len = fixed64_pack (((uint64_t*)array)[i], scratch);
-            buffer->append (buffer, len, scratch);
-            rv += len;
-          }
-        break;
-#endif
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT32:
-        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-          {
-            unsigned len = int32_pack (((int32_t*)array)[i], scratch);
-            buffer->append (buffer, len, scratch);
-            rv += len;
-          }
-        break;
-
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT32:
-        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-          {
-            unsigned len = sint32_pack (((int32_t*)array)[i], scratch);
-            buffer->append (buffer, len, scratch);
-            rv += len;
-          }
-        break;
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_ENUM:
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT32:
-        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-          {
-            unsigned len = uint32_pack (((uint32_t*)array)[i], scratch);
-            buffer->append (buffer, len, scratch);
-            rv += len;
-          }
-        break;
-
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT64:
-        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-          {
-            unsigned len = sint64_pack (((int64_t*)array)[i], scratch);
-            buffer->append (buffer, len, scratch);
-            rv += len;
-          }
-        break;
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT64:
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT64:
-        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-          {
-            unsigned len = uint64_pack (((uint64_t*)array)[i], scratch);
-            buffer->append (buffer, len, scratch);
-            rv += len;
-          }
-        break;
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BOOL:
-        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-          {
-            unsigned len = boolean_pack (((protobuf_c_boolean*)array)[i], scratch);
-            buffer->append (buffer, len, scratch);
-            rv += len;
-          }
-        return count;
-      default:
-        assert(0);
-    }
-  return rv;
-
-no_packing_needed:
-  buffer->append (buffer, rv, array);
-  return rv;
-}
-
-static size_t
-repeated_field_pack_to_buffer (const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field,
-                               unsigned count,
-                               const void *member,
-                               ProtobufCBuffer *buffer)
-{
-  char *array = * (char * const *) member;
-  if (count == 0)
-    return 0;
-  if (field->packed)
-    {
-      uint8_t scratch[MAX_UINT64_ENCODED_SIZE * 2];
-      size_t rv = tag_pack (field->id, scratch);
-      size_t payload_len = get_packed_payload_length (field, count, array);
-      size_t tmp;
-      scratch[0] |= PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_PREFIXED;
-      rv += uint32_pack (payload_len, scratch + rv);
-      buffer->append (buffer, rv, scratch);
-      tmp = pack_buffer_packed_payload (field, count, array, buffer);
-      assert (tmp == payload_len);
-      return rv + payload_len;
-    }
-  else
-    {
-      size_t siz;
-      unsigned i;
-      /* CONSIDER: optimize this case a bit (by putting the loop inside the switch) */
-      unsigned rv = 0;
-      siz = sizeof_elt_in_repeated_array (field->type);
-      for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-        {
-          rv += required_field_pack_to_buffer (field, array, buffer);
-          array += siz;
-        }
-      return rv;
-    }
-}
-
-static size_t
-unknown_field_pack_to_buffer (const ProtobufCMessageUnknownField *field,
-                              ProtobufCBuffer *buffer)
-{
-  uint8_t header[MAX_UINT64_ENCODED_SIZE];
-  size_t rv = tag_pack (field->tag, header);
-  header[0] |= field->wire_type;
-  buffer->append (buffer, rv, header);
-  buffer->append (buffer, field->len, field->data);
-  return rv + field->len;
-}
-
-size_t
-protobuf_c_message_pack_to_buffer (const ProtobufCMessage *message,
-                                   ProtobufCBuffer  *buffer)
-{
-  unsigned i;
-  size_t rv = 0;
-  ASSERT_IS_MESSAGE (message);
-  for (i = 0; i < message->descriptor->n_fields; i++)
-    {
-      const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field = message->descriptor->fields + i;
-      const void *member = ((const char *) message) + field->offset;
-      const void *qmember = ((const char *) message) + field->quantifier_offset;
-
-      if (field->label == PROTOBUF_C_LABEL_REQUIRED)
-        rv += required_field_pack_to_buffer (field, member, buffer);
-      else if (field->label == PROTOBUF_C_LABEL_OPTIONAL)
-        rv += optional_field_pack_to_buffer (field, qmember, member, buffer);
-      else
-        rv += repeated_field_pack_to_buffer (field, * (const size_t *) qmember, member, buffer);
-    }
-  for (i = 0; i < message->n_unknown_fields; i++)
-    rv += unknown_field_pack_to_buffer (&message->unknown_fields[i], buffer);
-
-  return rv;
-}
-
-/* === unpacking === */
-#if PRINT_UNPACK_ERRORS
-# define UNPACK_ERROR(args)  do { printf args;printf("\n"); }while(0)
-#else
-# define UNPACK_ERROR(args)  do { } while (0)
-#endif
-
-static inline int
-int_range_lookup (unsigned n_ranges,
-                  const ProtobufCIntRange *ranges,
-                  int value)
-{
-  unsigned start, n;
-  if (n_ranges == 0)
-    return -1;
-  start = 0;
-  n = n_ranges;
-  while (n > 1)
-    {
-      unsigned mid = start + n / 2;
-      if (value < ranges[mid].start_value)
-        {
-          n = mid - start;
-        }
-      else if (value >= ranges[mid].start_value + (int)(ranges[mid+1].orig_index-ranges[mid].orig_index))
-        {
-          unsigned new_start = mid + 1;
-          n = start + n - new_start;
-          start = new_start;
-        }
-      else
-        return (value - ranges[mid].start_value) + ranges[mid].orig_index;
-    }
-  if (n > 0)
-    {
-      unsigned start_orig_index = ranges[start].orig_index;
-      unsigned range_size = ranges[start+1].orig_index - start_orig_index;
-
-      if (ranges[start].start_value <= value
-       && value < (int)(ranges[start].start_value + range_size))
-        return (value - ranges[start].start_value) + start_orig_index;
-    }
-  return -1;
-}
-
-static size_t
-parse_tag_and_wiretype (size_t len,
-                        const uint8_t *data,
-                        uint32_t *tag_out,
-                        ProtobufCWireType *wiretype_out)
-{
-  unsigned max_rv = len > 5 ? 5 : len;
-  uint32_t tag = (data[0]&0x7f) >> 3;
-  unsigned shift = 4;
-  unsigned rv;
-  *wiretype_out = data[0] & 7;
-  if ((data[0] & 0x80) == 0)
-    {
-      *tag_out = tag;
-      return 1;
-    }
-  for (rv = 1; rv < max_rv; rv++)
-    if (data[rv] & 0x80)
-      {
-        tag |= (data[rv] & 0x7f) << shift;
-        shift += 7;
-      }
-    else
-      {
-        tag |= data[rv] << shift;
-        *tag_out = tag;
-        return rv + 1;
-      }
-  return 0;                   /* error: bad header */
-}
-
-/* sizeof(ScannedMember) must be <= (1<<BOUND_SIZEOF_SCANNED_MEMBER_LOG2) */
-#define BOUND_SIZEOF_SCANNED_MEMBER_LOG2  5
-typedef struct _ScannedMember ScannedMember;
-struct _ScannedMember
-{
-  uint32_t tag;
-  uint8_t wire_type;
-  uint8_t length_prefix_len;
-  const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field;
-  size_t len;
-  const uint8_t *data;
-};
-
-static inline uint32_t
-scan_length_prefixed_data (size_t len, const uint8_t *data, size_t *prefix_len_out)
-{
-  unsigned hdr_max = len < 5 ? len : 5;
-  unsigned hdr_len;
-  uint32_t val = 0;
-  unsigned i;
-  unsigned shift = 0;
-  for (i = 0; i < hdr_max; i++)
-    {
-      val |= (data[i] & 0x7f) << shift;
-      shift += 7;
-      if ((data[i] & 0x80) == 0)
-        break;
-    }
-  if (i == hdr_max)
-    {
-      UNPACK_ERROR (("error parsing length for length-prefixed data"));
-      return 0;
-    }
-  hdr_len = i + 1;
-  *prefix_len_out = hdr_len;
-  if (hdr_len + val > len)
-    {
-      UNPACK_ERROR (("data too short after length-prefix of %u",
-                     val));
-      return 0;
-    }
-  return hdr_len + val;
-}
-
-static size_t 
-max_b128_numbers (size_t len, const uint8_t *data)
-{
-  size_t rv = 0;
-  while (len--)
-    if ((*data++ & 0x80) == 0)
-      ++rv;
-  return rv;
-}
-
-
-/* Given a raw slab of packed-repeated values,
-   determine the number of elements.
-   This function detects certain kinds of errors
-   but not others; the remaining error checking is done by
-   parse_packed_repeated_member() */
-static protobuf_c_boolean
-count_packed_elements (ProtobufCType type,
-                       size_t len,
-                       const uint8_t *data,
-                       size_t *count_out)
-{
-  switch (type)
-    {
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FLOAT:
-      if (len % 4 != 0)
-        {
-          UNPACK_ERROR (("length must be a multiple of 4 for fixed-length 32-bit types"));
-          return FALSE;
-        }
-      *count_out = len / 4;
-      return TRUE;
-
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-      if (len % 8 != 0)
-        {
-          UNPACK_ERROR (("length must be a multiple of 8 for fixed-length 64-bit types"));
-          return FALSE;
-        }
-      *count_out = len / 8;
-      return TRUE;
-
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_ENUM:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT64:
-      *count_out = max_b128_numbers (len, data);
-      return TRUE;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BOOL:
-      *count_out = len;
-      return TRUE;
-
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_STRING:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BYTES:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_MESSAGE:
-    default:
-      UNPACK_ERROR (("bad protobuf-c type %u for packed-repeated", type));
-      return FALSE;
-    }
-}
-
-static inline uint32_t
-parse_uint32 (unsigned len, const uint8_t *data)
-{
-  unsigned rv = data[0] & 0x7f;
-  if (len > 1)
-    {
-      rv |= ((data[1] & 0x7f) << 7);
-      if (len > 2)
-        {
-          rv |= ((data[2] & 0x7f) << 14);
-          if (len > 3)
-            {
-              rv |= ((data[3] & 0x7f) << 21);
-              if (len > 4)
-                rv |= (data[4] << 28);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-  return rv;
-}
-static inline uint32_t
-parse_int32 (unsigned len, const uint8_t *data)
-{
-  return parse_uint32 (len, data);
-}
-static inline int32_t
-unzigzag32 (uint32_t v)
-{
-  if (v&1)
-    return -(v>>1) - 1;
-  else
-    return v>>1;
-}
-static inline uint32_t
-parse_fixed_uint32 (const uint8_t *data)
-{
-#if IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
-  uint32_t t;
-  memcpy (&t, data, 4);
-  return t;
-#else
-  return data[0] | (data[1] << 8) | (data[2] << 16) | (data[3] << 24);
-#endif
-}
-static uint64_t
-parse_uint64 (unsigned len, const uint8_t *data)
-{
-  unsigned shift, i;
-  if (len < 5)
-    return parse_uint32 (len, data);
-  uint64_t rv = ((data[0] & 0x7f))
-              | ((data[1] & 0x7f)<<7)
-              | ((data[2] & 0x7f)<<14)
-              | ((data[3] & 0x7f)<<21);
-  shift = 28;
-  for (i = 4; i < len; i++)
-    {
-      rv |= (((uint64_t)(data[i]&0x7f)) << shift);
-      shift += 7;
-    }
-  return rv;
-}
-static inline int64_t
-unzigzag64 (uint64_t v)
-{
-  if (v&1)
-    return -(v>>1) - 1;
-  else
-    return v>>1;
-}
-static inline uint64_t
-parse_fixed_uint64 (const uint8_t *data)
-{
-#if IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
-  uint64_t t;
-  memcpy (&t, data, 8);
-  return t;
-#else
-  return (uint64_t)parse_fixed_uint32 (data)
-      | (((uint64_t)parse_fixed_uint32(data+4)) << 32);
-#endif
-}
-static protobuf_c_boolean
-parse_boolean (unsigned len, const uint8_t *data)
-{
-  unsigned i;
-  for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
-    if (data[i] & 0x7f)
-      return 1;
-  return 0;
-}
-static protobuf_c_boolean
-parse_required_member (ScannedMember *scanned_member,
-                       void *member,
-                       ProtobufCAllocator *allocator,
-                       protobuf_c_boolean maybe_clear)
-{
-  unsigned len = scanned_member->len;
-  const uint8_t *data = scanned_member->data;
-  ProtobufCWireType wire_type = scanned_member->wire_type;
-  switch (scanned_member->field->type)
-    {
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT32:
-      if (wire_type != PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT)
-        return 0;
-      *(uint32_t*)member = parse_int32 (len, data);
-      return 1;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT32:
-      if (wire_type != PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT)
-        return 0;
-      *(uint32_t*)member = parse_uint32 (len, data);
-      return 1;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT32:
-      if (wire_type != PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT)
-        return 0;
-      *(int32_t*)member = unzigzag32 (parse_uint32 (len, data));
-      return 1;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED32:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FLOAT:
-      if (wire_type != PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_32BIT)
-        return 0;
-      *(uint32_t*)member = parse_fixed_uint32 (data);
-      return 1;
-
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT64:
-      if (wire_type != PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT)
-        return 0;
-      *(uint64_t*)member = parse_uint64 (len, data);
-      return 1;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT64:
-      if (wire_type != PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT)
-        return 0;
-      *(int64_t*)member = unzigzag64 (parse_uint64 (len, data));
-      return 1;
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED64:
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-      if (wire_type != PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_64BIT)
-        return 0;
-      *(uint64_t*)member = parse_fixed_uint64 (data);
-      return 1;
-
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BOOL:
-      *(protobuf_c_boolean*)member = parse_boolean (len, data);
-      return 1;
-
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_ENUM:
-      if (wire_type != PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT)
-        return 0;
-      *(uint32_t*)member = parse_uint32 (len, data);
-      return 1;
-
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_STRING:
-      if (wire_type != PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_PREFIXED)
-        return 0;
-      {
-        char **pstr = member;
-        unsigned pref_len = scanned_member->length_prefix_len;
-        if (maybe_clear && *pstr != NULL)
-          {
-            const char *def = scanned_member->field->default_value;
-            if (*pstr != NULL && *pstr != def)
-              FREE (allocator, *pstr);
-          }
-        DO_ALLOC (*pstr, allocator, len - pref_len + 1, return 0);
-        memcpy (*pstr, data + pref_len, len - pref_len);
-        (*pstr)[len-pref_len] = 0;
-        return 1;
-      }
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BYTES:
-      if (wire_type != PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_PREFIXED)
-        return 0;
-      {
-        ProtobufCBinaryData *bd = member;
-        const ProtobufCBinaryData *def_bd;
-        unsigned pref_len = scanned_member->length_prefix_len;
-        def_bd = scanned_member->field->default_value;
-        if (maybe_clear && bd->data != NULL && bd->data != def_bd->data)
-          FREE (allocator, bd->data);
-        DO_ALLOC (bd->data, allocator, len - pref_len, return 0);
-        memcpy (bd->data, data + pref_len, len - pref_len);
-        bd->len = len - pref_len;
-        return 1;
-      }
-    //case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_GROUP,          // NOT SUPPORTED
-    case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_MESSAGE:
-      if (wire_type != PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_PREFIXED)
-        return 0;
-      {
-        ProtobufCMessage **pmessage = member;
-        ProtobufCMessage *subm;
-        const ProtobufCMessage *def_mess;
-        unsigned pref_len = scanned_member->length_prefix_len;
-        def_mess = scanned_member->field->default_value;
-        if (maybe_clear && *pmessage != NULL && *pmessage != def_mess)
-          protobuf_c_message_free_unpacked (*pmessage, allocator);
-        subm = protobuf_c_message_unpack (scanned_member->field->descriptor,
-                                          allocator,
-                                          len - pref_len, data + pref_len);
-        *pmessage = subm;       /* since we freed the message we must clear the field, even if NULL */
-        if (subm == NULL)
-          return 0;
-        return 1;
-      }
-    }
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static protobuf_c_boolean
-parse_optional_member (ScannedMember *scanned_member,
-                       void *member,
-                       ProtobufCMessage *message,
-                       ProtobufCAllocator *allocator)
-{
-  if (!parse_required_member (scanned_member, member, allocator, TRUE))
-    return 0;
-  if (scanned_member->field->quantifier_offset != 0)
-    STRUCT_MEMBER (protobuf_c_boolean,
-                   message,
-                   scanned_member->field->quantifier_offset) = 1;
-  return 1;
-}
-
-static protobuf_c_boolean
-parse_repeated_member (ScannedMember *scanned_member,
-                       void *member,
-                       ProtobufCMessage *message,
-                       ProtobufCAllocator *allocator)
-{
-  const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field = scanned_member->field;
-  size_t *p_n = STRUCT_MEMBER_PTR(size_t, message, field->quantifier_offset);
-  size_t siz = sizeof_elt_in_repeated_array (field->type);
-  char *array = *(char**)member;
-  if (!parse_required_member (scanned_member,
-                              array + siz * (*p_n),
-                              allocator,
-                              FALSE))
-    return 0;
-  *p_n += 1;
-  return 1;
-}
-
-static unsigned scan_varint (unsigned len, const uint8_t *data)
-{
-  unsigned i;
-  if (len > 10)
-    len = 10;
-  for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
-    if ((data[i] & 0x80) == 0)
-      break;
-  if (i == len)
-    return 0;
-  return i + 1;
-}
-
-static protobuf_c_boolean
-parse_packed_repeated_member (ScannedMember *scanned_member,
-                              void *member,
-                              ProtobufCMessage *message)
-{
-  const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field = scanned_member->field;
-  size_t *p_n = STRUCT_MEMBER_PTR(size_t, message, field->quantifier_offset);
-  size_t siz = sizeof_elt_in_repeated_array (field->type);
-  char *array = *(char**)member + siz * (*p_n);
-  const uint8_t *at = scanned_member->data + scanned_member->length_prefix_len;
-  size_t rem = scanned_member->len - scanned_member->length_prefix_len;
-  size_t count = 0;
-  unsigned i;
-  switch (field->type)
-    {
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED32:
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED32:
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FLOAT:
-        count = (scanned_member->len - scanned_member->length_prefix_len) / 4;
-#if IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
-        goto no_unpacking_needed;
-#else
-        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-          {
-            ((uint32_t*)array)[i] = parse_fixed_uint32 (at);
-            at += 4;
-          }
-#endif
-        break;
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED64:
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED64:
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-        count = (scanned_member->len - scanned_member->length_prefix_len) / 8;
-#if IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN
-        goto no_unpacking_needed;
-#else
-        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-          {
-            ((uint64_t*)array)[i] = parse_fixed_uint64 (at);
-            at += 8;
-          }
-        break;
-#endif
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT32:
-        while (rem > 0)
-          {
-            unsigned s = scan_varint (rem, at);
-            if (s == 0)
-              {
-                UNPACK_ERROR (("bad packed-repeated int32 value"));
-                return FALSE;
-              }
-            ((int32_t*)array)[count++] = parse_int32 (s, at);
-            at += s;
-            rem -= s;
-          }
-        break;
-
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT32:
-        while (rem > 0)
-          {
-            unsigned s = scan_varint (rem, at);
-            if (s == 0)
-              {
-                UNPACK_ERROR (("bad packed-repeated sint32 value"));
-                return FALSE;
-              }
-            ((int32_t*)array)[count++] = unzigzag32 (parse_uint32 (s, at));
-            at += s;
-            rem -= s;
-          }
-        break;
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_ENUM:
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT32:
-        while (rem > 0)
-          {
-            unsigned s = scan_varint (rem, at);
-            if (s == 0)
-              {
-                UNPACK_ERROR (("bad packed-repeated enum or uint32 value"));
-                return FALSE;
-              }
-            ((uint32_t*)array)[count++] = parse_uint32 (s, at);
-            at += s;
-            rem -= s;
-          }
-        break;
-
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT64:
-        while (rem > 0)
-          {
-            unsigned s = scan_varint (rem, at);
-            if (s == 0)
-              {
-                UNPACK_ERROR (("bad packed-repeated sint64 value"));
-                return FALSE;
-              }
-            ((int64_t*)array)[count++] = unzigzag64 (parse_uint64 (s, at));
-            at += s;
-            rem -= s;
-          }
-        break;
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT64:
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT64:
-        while (rem > 0)
-          {
-            unsigned s = scan_varint (rem, at);
-            if (s == 0)
-              {
-                UNPACK_ERROR (("bad packed-repeated int64/uint64 value"));
-                return FALSE;
-              }
-            ((int64_t*)array)[count++] = parse_uint64 (s, at);
-            at += s;
-            rem -= s;
-          }
-        break;
-      case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BOOL:
-        count = rem;
-        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-          {
-            if (at[i] > 1)
-              {
-                UNPACK_ERROR (("bad packed-repeated boolean value"));
-                return FALSE;
-              }
-            ((protobuf_c_boolean*)array)[i] = at[i];
-          }
-        break;
-      default:
-        assert(0);
-    }
-  *p_n += count;
-  return TRUE;
-
-no_unpacking_needed:
-  memcpy (array, at, count * siz);
-  *p_n += count;
-  return TRUE;
-}
-
-static protobuf_c_boolean
-parse_member (ScannedMember *scanned_member,
-              ProtobufCMessage *message,
-              ProtobufCAllocator *allocator)
-{
-  const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field = scanned_member->field;
-  void *member;
-  if (field == NULL)
-    {
-      ProtobufCMessageUnknownField *ufield = message->unknown_fields + (message->n_unknown_fields++);
-      ufield->tag = scanned_member->tag;
-      ufield->wire_type = scanned_member->wire_type;
-      ufield->len = scanned_member->len;
-      DO_UNALIGNED_ALLOC (ufield->data, allocator, scanned_member->len, return 0);
-      memcpy (ufield->data, scanned_member->data, ufield->len);
-      return 1;
-    }
-  member = (char*)message + field->offset;
-  switch (field->label)
-    {
-    case PROTOBUF_C_LABEL_REQUIRED:
-      return parse_required_member (scanned_member, member, allocator, TRUE);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_LABEL_OPTIONAL:
-      return parse_optional_member (scanned_member, member, message, allocator);
-    case PROTOBUF_C_LABEL_REPEATED:
-      if (field->packed
-       && scanned_member->wire_type == PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_PREFIXED)
-        return parse_packed_repeated_member (scanned_member, member, message);
-      else
-        return parse_repeated_member (scanned_member, member, message, allocator);
-    }
-  PROTOBUF_C_ASSERT_NOT_REACHED ();
-  return 0;
-}
-
-
-/* TODO: expose/use this function if desc->message_init==NULL 
-   (which occurs for old code, and may be useful for certain
-   programatic techniques for generating descriptors). */
-void
-protobuf_c_message_init_generic (const ProtobufCMessageDescriptor *desc,
-                                 ProtobufCMessage *message)
-{
-  unsigned i;
-  memset (message, 0, desc->sizeof_message);
-  message->descriptor = desc;
-  for (i = 0; i < desc->n_fields; i++)
-    if (desc->fields[i].default_value != NULL
-     && desc->fields[i].label != PROTOBUF_C_LABEL_REPEATED)
-      {
-        void *field = STRUCT_MEMBER_P (message, desc->fields[i].offset);
-        const void *dv = desc->fields[i].default_value;
-        switch (desc->fields[i].type)
-        {
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT32:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT32:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED32:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT32:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED32:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FLOAT:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_ENUM:
-          memcpy (field, dv, 4);
-          break;
-
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_INT64:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SINT64:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_SFIXED64:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_UINT64:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_FIXED64:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-          memcpy (field, dv, 8);
-          break;
-
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BOOL:
-          memcpy (field, dv, sizeof (protobuf_c_boolean));
-          break;
-
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BYTES:
-          memcpy (field, dv, sizeof (ProtobufCBinaryData));
-          break;
-
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_STRING:
-        case PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_MESSAGE:
-          /* the next line essentially implements a cast from const,
-             which is totally unavoidable. */
-          *(const void**)field = dv;
-          break;
-        }
-      }
-}
-
-/* ScannedMember slabs (an unpacking implementation detail).
-   Before doing real unpacking, we first scan through the
-   elements to see how many there are (for repeated fields),
-   and which field to use (for non-repeated fields given twice).
-
- * In order to avoid allocations for small messages,
-   we keep a stack-allocated slab of ScannedMembers of
-   size FIRST_SCANNED_MEMBER_SLAB_SIZE (16).
-   After we fill that up, we allocate each slab twice
-   as large as the previous one. */
-#define FIRST_SCANNED_MEMBER_SLAB_SIZE_LOG2             4
-
-/* The number of slabs, including the stack-allocated ones;
-   choose the number so that we would overflow if we needed
-   a slab larger than provided. */
-#define MAX_SCANNED_MEMBER_SLAB                          \
-  (sizeof(void*)*8 - 1                                   \
-   - BOUND_SIZEOF_SCANNED_MEMBER_LOG2                    \
-   - FIRST_SCANNED_MEMBER_SLAB_SIZE_LOG2)
-
-ProtobufCMessage *
-protobuf_c_message_unpack         (const ProtobufCMessageDescriptor *desc,
-                                   ProtobufCAllocator  *allocator,
-                                   size_t               len,
-                                   const uint8_t       *data)
-{
-  ProtobufCMessage *rv;
-  size_t rem = len;
-  const uint8_t *at = data;
-  const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *last_field = desc->fields + 0;
-  ScannedMember first_member_slab[1<<FIRST_SCANNED_MEMBER_SLAB_SIZE_LOG2];
-
-  /* scanned_member_slabs[i] is an array of arrays of ScannedMember.
-     The first slab (scanned_member_slabs[0] is just a pointer to
-     first_member_slab), above.  All subsequent slabs will be allocated
-     using the allocator. */
-  ScannedMember *scanned_member_slabs[MAX_SCANNED_MEMBER_SLAB+1];
-  unsigned which_slab = 0;       /* the slab we are currently populating */
-  unsigned in_slab_index = 0;    /* number of members in the slab */
-  size_t n_unknown = 0;
-  unsigned f;
-  unsigned i_slab;
-  unsigned last_field_index = 0;
-  unsigned long *required_fields_bitmap;
-  unsigned required_fields_bitmap_len;
-  static const unsigned word_bits = sizeof(long) * 8;
-
-  ASSERT_IS_MESSAGE_DESCRIPTOR (desc);
-
-  if (allocator == NULL)
-    allocator = &protobuf_c_default_allocator;
-
-  required_fields_bitmap_len = (desc->n_fields + word_bits - 1) / word_bits;
-  required_fields_bitmap = alloca(required_fields_bitmap_len * sizeof(long));
-  memset(required_fields_bitmap, 0, required_fields_bitmap_len * sizeof(long));
-
-  DO_ALLOC (rv, allocator, desc->sizeof_message, return NULL);
-  scanned_member_slabs[0] = first_member_slab;
-
-  /* Generated code always defines "message_init".
-     However, we provide a fallback for (1) users of old protobuf-c
-     generated-code that do not provide the function,
-     and (2) descriptors constructed from some other source
-     (most likely, direct construction from the .proto file) */
-  if (desc->message_init != NULL)
-    protobuf_c_message_init (desc, rv);
-  else
-    protobuf_c_message_init_generic (desc, rv);
-
-  while (rem > 0)
-    {
-      uint32_t tag;
-      ProtobufCWireType wire_type;
-      size_t used = parse_tag_and_wiretype (rem, at, &tag, &wire_type);
-      const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field;
-      ScannedMember tmp;
-      if (used == 0)
-        {
-          UNPACK_ERROR (("error parsing tag/wiretype at offset %u",
-                         (unsigned)(at-data)));
-          goto error_cleanup_during_scan;
-        }
-      /* XXX: consider optimizing for field[1].id == tag, if field[1] exists! */
-      if (last_field->id != tag)
-        {
-          /* lookup field */
-          int field_index = int_range_lookup (desc->n_field_ranges,
-                                              desc->field_ranges,
-                                              tag);
-          if (field_index < 0)
-            {
-              field = NULL;
-              n_unknown++;
-            }
-          else
-            {
-              field = desc->fields + field_index;
-              last_field = field;
-              last_field_index = field_index;
-            }
-        }
-      else
-        field = last_field;
-
-      if (field != NULL && field->label == PROTOBUF_C_LABEL_REQUIRED)
-        required_fields_bitmap[last_field_index / word_bits] |= (1UL << (last_field_index % word_bits));
-
-      at += used;
-      rem -= used;
-      tmp.tag = tag;
-      tmp.wire_type = wire_type;
-      tmp.field = field;
-      tmp.data = at;
-      switch (wire_type)
-        {
-        case PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_VARINT:
-          {
-            unsigned max_len = rem < 10 ? rem : 10;
-            unsigned i;
-            for (i = 0; i < max_len; i++)
-              if ((at[i] & 0x80) == 0)
-                break;
-            if (i == max_len)
-              {
-                UNPACK_ERROR (("unterminated varint at offset %u",
-                               (unsigned)(at-data)));
-                goto error_cleanup_during_scan;
-              }
-            tmp.len = i + 1;
-          }
-          break;
-        case PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_64BIT:
-          if (rem < 8)
-            {
-              UNPACK_ERROR (("too short after 64bit wiretype at offset %u",
-                             (unsigned)(at-data)));
-              goto error_cleanup_during_scan;
-            }
-          tmp.len = 8;
-          break;
-        case PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_PREFIXED:
-          {
-            size_t pref_len;
-            tmp.len = scan_length_prefixed_data (rem, at, &pref_len);
-            if (tmp.len == 0)
-              {
-                /* NOTE: scan_length_prefixed_data calls UNPACK_ERROR */
-                goto error_cleanup_during_scan;
-              }
-            tmp.length_prefix_len = pref_len;
-            break;
-          }
-        case PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_32BIT:
-          if (rem < 4)
-            {
-              UNPACK_ERROR (("too short after 32bit wiretype at offset %u",
-                             (unsigned)(at-data)));
-              goto error_cleanup_during_scan;
-            }
-          tmp.len = 4;
-          break;
-        default:
-          UNPACK_ERROR (("unsupported tag %u at offset %u",
-                         wire_type, (unsigned)(at-data))); 
-          goto error_cleanup_during_scan;
-        }
-      if (in_slab_index == (1U<<(which_slab+FIRST_SCANNED_MEMBER_SLAB_SIZE_LOG2)))
-        {
-          size_t size;
-          in_slab_index = 0;
-          if (which_slab == MAX_SCANNED_MEMBER_SLAB)
-            {
-              UNPACK_ERROR (("too many fields"));
-              goto error_cleanup_during_scan;
-            }
-          which_slab++;
-          size = sizeof(ScannedMember) << (which_slab+FIRST_SCANNED_MEMBER_SLAB_SIZE_LOG2);
-          /* TODO: consider using alloca() ! */
-          if (allocator->tmp_alloc != NULL)
-            scanned_member_slabs[which_slab] = TMPALLOC(allocator, size);
-          else
-            DO_ALLOC (scanned_member_slabs[which_slab], allocator, size, goto error_cleanup_during_scan);
-        }
-      scanned_member_slabs[which_slab][in_slab_index++] = tmp;
-
-      if (field != NULL && field->label == PROTOBUF_C_LABEL_REPEATED)
-        {
-          size_t *n = STRUCT_MEMBER_PTR (size_t, rv, field->quantifier_offset);
-          if (field->packed
-           && wire_type == PROTOBUF_C_WIRE_TYPE_LENGTH_PREFIXED)
-            {
-              size_t count;
-              if (!count_packed_elements (field->type,
-                                          tmp.len - tmp.length_prefix_len,
-                                          tmp.data + tmp.length_prefix_len,
-                                          &count))
-                {
-                  UNPACK_ERROR (("counting packed elements"));
-                  goto error_cleanup_during_scan;
-                }
-              *n += count;
-            }
-          else
-           *n += 1;
-        }
-
-      at += tmp.len;
-      rem -= tmp.len;
-    }
-
-  /* allocate space for repeated fields, also check that all required fields have been set */
-  for (f = 0; f < desc->n_fields; f++)
-  {
-    const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field = desc->fields + f;
-    if (field->label == PROTOBUF_C_LABEL_REPEATED)
-    {
-        size_t siz = sizeof_elt_in_repeated_array (field->type);
-        size_t *n_ptr = STRUCT_MEMBER_PTR (size_t, rv, field->quantifier_offset);
-        if (*n_ptr != 0)
-          {
-            unsigned n = *n_ptr;
-            *n_ptr = 0;
-            assert(rv->descriptor != NULL);
-#define CLEAR_REMAINING_N_PTRS()                                            \
-            for(f++;f < desc->n_fields; f++)                                \
-              {                                                             \
-                field = desc->fields + f;                                   \
-                if (field->label == PROTOBUF_C_LABEL_REPEATED)              \
-                  STRUCT_MEMBER (size_t, rv, field->quantifier_offset) = 0; \
-              }
-            DO_ALLOC (STRUCT_MEMBER (void *, rv, field->offset),
-                      allocator, siz * n,
-                      CLEAR_REMAINING_N_PTRS (); goto error_cleanup);
-#undef CLEAR_REMAINING_N_PTRS
-          }
-    }
-    else if (field->label == PROTOBUF_C_LABEL_REQUIRED)
-    {
-      if (field->default_value == NULL && 0 == (required_fields_bitmap[f / word_bits] & (1UL << (f % word_bits))))
-      {
-        UNPACK_ERROR (("message '%s': missing required field '%s'", desc->name, field->name));
-        goto error_cleanup;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* allocate space for unknown fields */
-  if (n_unknown)
-    {
-      DO_ALLOC (rv->unknown_fields,
-                allocator, n_unknown * sizeof (ProtobufCMessageUnknownField),
-                goto error_cleanup);
-    }
-
-  /* do real parsing */
-  for (i_slab = 0; i_slab <= which_slab; i_slab++)
-    {
-      unsigned max = (i_slab == which_slab) ? in_slab_index : (1U<<(i_slab+4));
-      ScannedMember *slab = scanned_member_slabs[i_slab];
-      unsigned j;
-      for (j = 0; j < max; j++)
-        {
-          if (!parse_member (slab + j, rv, allocator))
-            {
-              UNPACK_ERROR (("error parsing member %s of %s",
-                             slab->field ? slab->field->name : "*unknown-field*", desc->name));
-              goto error_cleanup;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-  /* cleanup */
-  if (allocator->tmp_alloc == NULL)
-    {
-      unsigned j;
-      for (j = 1; j <= which_slab; j++)
-        FREE (allocator, scanned_member_slabs[j]);
-    }
-
-  return rv;
-
-error_cleanup:
-  protobuf_c_message_free_unpacked (rv, allocator);
-  if (allocator->tmp_alloc == NULL)
-    {
-      unsigned j;
-      for (j = 1; j <= which_slab; j++)
-        FREE (allocator, scanned_member_slabs[j]);
-    }
-  return NULL;
-
-error_cleanup_during_scan:
-  FREE (allocator, rv);
-  if (allocator->tmp_alloc == NULL)
-    {
-      unsigned j;
-      for (j = 1; j <= which_slab; j++)
-        FREE (allocator, scanned_member_slabs[j]);
-    }
-  return NULL;
-}
-
-/* === free_unpacked === */
-void     
-protobuf_c_message_free_unpacked  (ProtobufCMessage    *message,
-                                   ProtobufCAllocator  *allocator)
-{
-  const ProtobufCMessageDescriptor *desc = message->descriptor;
-  unsigned f;
-  ASSERT_IS_MESSAGE (message);
-  if (allocator == NULL)
-    allocator = &protobuf_c_default_allocator;
-  message->descriptor = NULL;
-  for (f = 0; f < desc->n_fields; f++)
-    {
-      if (desc->fields[f].label == PROTOBUF_C_LABEL_REPEATED)
-        {
-          size_t n = STRUCT_MEMBER (size_t, message, desc->fields[f].quantifier_offset);
-          void * arr = STRUCT_MEMBER (void *, message, desc->fields[f].offset);
-          if (desc->fields[f].type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_STRING)
-            {
-              unsigned i;
-              for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
-                FREE (allocator, ((char**)arr)[i]);
-            }
-          else if (desc->fields[f].type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BYTES)
-            {
-              unsigned i;
-              for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
-                FREE (allocator, ((ProtobufCBinaryData*)arr)[i].data);
-            }
-          else if (desc->fields[f].type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_MESSAGE)
-            {
-              unsigned i;
-              for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
-                protobuf_c_message_free_unpacked (((ProtobufCMessage**)arr)[i], allocator);
-            }
-          if (arr != NULL)
-            FREE (allocator, arr);
-        }
-      else if (desc->fields[f].type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_STRING)
-        {
-          char *str = STRUCT_MEMBER (char *, message, desc->fields[f].offset);
-          if (str && str != desc->fields[f].default_value)
-            FREE (allocator, str);
-        }
-      else if (desc->fields[f].type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_BYTES)
-        {
-          void *data = STRUCT_MEMBER (ProtobufCBinaryData, message, desc->fields[f].offset).data;
-          const ProtobufCBinaryData *default_bd;
-          default_bd = desc->fields[f].default_value;
-          if (data != NULL
-           && (default_bd == NULL || default_bd->data != data))
-            FREE (allocator, data);
-        }
-      else if (desc->fields[f].type == PROTOBUF_C_TYPE_MESSAGE)
-        {
-          ProtobufCMessage *sm;
-          sm = STRUCT_MEMBER (ProtobufCMessage *, message,desc->fields[f].offset);
-          if (sm && sm != desc->fields[f].default_value)
-            protobuf_c_message_free_unpacked (sm, allocator);
-        }
-    }
-
-  for (f = 0; f < message->n_unknown_fields; f++)
-    FREE (allocator, message->unknown_fields[f].data);
-  if (message->unknown_fields != NULL)
-    FREE (allocator, message->unknown_fields);
-
-  FREE (allocator, message);
-}
-
-/* === services === */
-typedef void (*GenericHandler)(void *service,
-                               const ProtobufCMessage *input,
-                               ProtobufCClosure  closure,
-                               void             *closure_data);
-void 
-protobuf_c_service_invoke_internal(ProtobufCService *service,
-                                  unsigned          method_index,
-                                  const ProtobufCMessage *input,
-                                  ProtobufCClosure  closure,
-                                  void             *closure_data)
-{
-  GenericHandler *handlers;
-  GenericHandler handler;
-
-  /* Verify that method_index is within range.
-     If this fails, you are likely invoking a newly added
-     method on an old service.  (Although other memory corruption
-     bugs can cause this assertion too) */
-  PROTOBUF_C_ASSERT (method_index < service->descriptor->n_methods);
-
-  /* Get the array of virtual methods (which are enumerated by 
-     the generated code) */
-  handlers = (GenericHandler *) (service + 1);
-
-  /* get our method and invoke it */
-  /* TODO: seems like handler==NULL is a situation that
-     needs handling */
-  handler = handlers[method_index];
-  (*handler) (service, input, closure, closure_data);
-}
-
-void
-protobuf_c_service_generated_init (ProtobufCService *service,
-                                   const ProtobufCServiceDescriptor *descriptor,
-                                   ProtobufCServiceDestroy destroy)
-{
-  ASSERT_IS_SERVICE_DESCRIPTOR(descriptor);
-  service->descriptor = descriptor;
-  service->destroy = destroy;
-  service->invoke = protobuf_c_service_invoke_internal;
-  memset (service + 1, 0, descriptor->n_methods * sizeof (GenericHandler));
-}
-
-void protobuf_c_service_destroy (ProtobufCService *service)
-{
-  service->destroy (service);
-}
-
-/* --- querying the descriptors --- */
-const ProtobufCEnumValue *
-protobuf_c_enum_descriptor_get_value_by_name 
-                         (const ProtobufCEnumDescriptor    *desc,
-                          const char                       *name)
-{
-  unsigned start = 0, count = desc->n_value_names;
-  while (count > 1)
-    {
-      unsigned mid = start + count / 2;
-      int rv = strcmp (desc->values_by_name[mid].name, name);
-      if (rv == 0)
-        return desc->values + desc->values_by_name[mid].index;
-      else if (rv < 0)
-        {
-          count = start + count - (mid + 1);
-          start = mid + 1;
-        }
-      else
-        count = mid - start;
-    }
-  if (count == 0)
-    return NULL;
-  if (strcmp (desc->values_by_name[start].name, name) == 0)
-    return desc->values + desc->values_by_name[start].index;
-  return NULL;
-}
-const ProtobufCEnumValue *
-protobuf_c_enum_descriptor_get_value        
-                         (const ProtobufCEnumDescriptor    *desc,
-                          int                               value)
-{
-  int rv = int_range_lookup (desc->n_value_ranges, desc->value_ranges, value);
-  if (rv < 0)
-    return NULL;
-  return desc->values + rv;
-}
-
-const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *
-protobuf_c_message_descriptor_get_field_by_name
-                         (const ProtobufCMessageDescriptor *desc,
-                          const char                       *name)
-{
-  unsigned start = 0, count = desc->n_fields;
-  const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *field;
-  while (count > 1)
-    {
-      unsigned mid = start + count / 2;
-      int rv;
-      field = desc->fields + desc->fields_sorted_by_name[mid];
-      rv = strcmp (field->name, name);
-      if (rv == 0)
-        return field;
-      else if (rv < 0)
-        {
-          count = start + count - (mid + 1);
-          start = mid + 1;
-        }
-      else
-        count = mid - start;
-    }
-  if (count == 0)
-    return NULL;
-  field = desc->fields + desc->fields_sorted_by_name[start];
-  if (strcmp (field->name, name) == 0)
-    return field;
-  return NULL;
-}
-
-const ProtobufCFieldDescriptor *
-protobuf_c_message_descriptor_get_field        
-                         (const ProtobufCMessageDescriptor *desc,
-                          unsigned                          value)
-{
-  int rv = int_range_lookup (desc->n_field_ranges,
-                             desc->field_ranges,
-                             value);
-  if (rv < 0)
-    return NULL;
-  return desc->fields + rv;
-}
-
-const ProtobufCMethodDescriptor *
-protobuf_c_service_descriptor_get_method_by_name
-                         (const ProtobufCServiceDescriptor *desc,
-                          const char                       *name)
-{
-  unsigned start = 0, count = desc->n_methods;
-  while (count > 1)
-    {
-      unsigned mid = start + count / 2;
-      unsigned mid_index = desc->method_indices_by_name[mid];
-      const char *mid_name = desc->methods[mid_index].name;
-      int rv = strcmp (mid_name, name);
-      if (rv == 0)
-        return desc->methods + desc->method_indices_by_name[mid];
-      if (rv < 0)
-        {
-          count = start + count - (mid + 1);
-          start = mid + 1;
-        }
-      else
-        {
-          count = mid - start;
-        }
-    }
-  if (count == 0)
-    return NULL;
-  if (strcmp (desc->methods[desc->method_indices_by_name[start]].name, name) == 0)
-    return desc->methods + desc->method_indices_by_name[start];
-  return NULL;
-}